Dental amalgam waste refers to the byproducts generated from the use, removal, or disposal of dental amalgam, which is a filling material made of a mixture of metals, including mercury, silver, tin, and copper. Since mercury is a toxic heavy metal, improper disposal of amalgam waste can harm the environment and human health.
Types of Dental Amalgam Waste
Dental clinics generate various forms of amalgam waste, including:
- Scrap Amalgam – Leftover material from mixing and placing fillings.
- Removed Amalgam Fillings – Extracted teeth or restorations containing amalgam.
- Amalgam Sludge – Waste collected from chairside traps and vacuum pump filters.
- Amalgam Capsules – Empty or partially used pre-measured amalgam capsules.
- Amalgam-Contaminated Items – Tools, gauze, or gloves contaminated with amalgam particles.
Proper Handling & Disposal of Dental Amalgam Waste
To minimize mercury pollution and comply with environmental regulations, follow these guidelines:
1. Compliance with Amalgam Separators
- The Australian Dental Association (ADA) recommends all dental clinics install an ISO 11143-compliant amalgam separator in their wastewater systems.
- This ensures amalgam particles are collected before entering drainage systems, preventing mercury pollution.
2. Collection & Storage of Amalgam Waste
- Use a designated amalgam waste container that is airtight, leak-proof, and mercury-resistant.
- Containers must be labelled appropriately: “Amalgam Waste – For Recycling”.
- Keep removed amalgam restorations, amalgam sludge, and capsules separate from general waste and sharps.
- Do not rinse amalgam waste down sinks or throw it in regular bins.
3. Recycling & Disposal Regulations
- Amalgam waste must not be disposed of in landfill or wastewater systems.
- Arrange for collection by an authorised hazardous waste disposal service in your state:
- NSW: Contact EPA-licensed waste disposal providers.
- VIC: Follow EPA Victoria’s Industrial Waste Resource Guidelines.
- QLD, WA, SA, TAS, NT, ACT: Follow state-specific EPA amalgam waste regulations.
- Most states require documentation (waste tracking records) for proper disposal compliance.
4. Reducing Amalgam Waste in Australian Clinics
- Use pre-capsulated amalgam to avoid excess waste.
- Consider alternative restorative materials (e.g., composite, glass ionomer) where clinically appropriate.
- Participate in voluntary ADA programs promoting sustainable dental practices.
5. Staff Training & Legal Compliance
- Train dental staff in safe handling and disposal of amalgam waste.
- Stay updated on EPA regulations and ADA guidelines for hazardous waste management.
- Conduct regular audits to ensure compliance with National Waste Policy and state environmental laws.